Traits are the phenotypic characters expressed in an individual which are determined by the dominant alleles.Such a mechanism explains Mendel’s laws of inheritance in all sexually reproducing organisms.When two germ cells are combined in the offspring then they restore the normal set of genes in the individual which ensures the stability of the DNA of the species.When germ cells are formed they carry one copy of chromosome from either parent, male and female.Each gene set is present as independent copies as chromosomes and thus each gene has two copies of chromosomes in the cell.If the genes function efficiently then a huge amount of proteins are made whereas if the genes are inefficient, fewer proteins are made.
In such a case, the expression of a particular trait is determined by Mendel’s principles of inheritance.The expression of a particular trait is determined by the presence of two alleles contributed by the father and the mother.
The experiments proved that the dominant allele can be determined by observing the phenotypic traits in the offspring but the recessive allele that remains hidden can be passed to the offspring and expressed in later generations. He proposed three laws known as ‘Mendel's laws of Inheritance’. Gregor Johann Mendel, widely known as the ‘Father of Genetics’, conducted hybrid experiments on garden peas and published the results in the year 1860, thereby laying the foundation of genetics. When the alleles are dominant then the trait is expressed but if some traits are absent or not expressed in the child but the allele is present in the parent then it is called a recessive trait. Each parent contributes equally for the expression of a particular trait. are determined by genes that are inherited from the parents. This essentially means that traits like the color of the eyes, hair, skin, etc. We know that a child doesn’t necessarily look like his/her parents but would have their features. When we hear the word traits, we think of the distinguishing characteristics of people.